Marginated Tortoise (Testudo marginata)

Marginated Tortoise Testudo marginata
Name	Marginated Tortoise
Name Lat.	Testudo marginata
Family	Tortoises
Family lat.	Testudinidae
Order	Turtles
Order lat.	Testudines
Origin	SE-Europe
Habitat	Shrubland
Diet	Herbs, veggies, grass, hay
Humidity	40-60 %
Behavior	♂ semi-aggressive
Keeping	Individual, harem
Care Level	Moderate
Reproduction	Oviparous
Housing	Dry terrarium
Life Span	50-70 years
Protection	CITES Appendix II; EU Annex A
Metric Units
Size	25-35 cm
Temperature	25-30 °C
Temperature Local	35-45 °C
Housing Size	300 x 150 x 80 cm
US Units
Size	10"-14"
Temperature	77-86 °F
Temperature Local	95-113 °F
Housing Size	120" x 60" x 30"

Distribution and habitat

The distribution area of the broad-edged tortoises is the southern Balkan Peninsula, Greece and southern Albania. They were introduced to Tuscany and Sardinia. They live in rocky, dry scrubland (maquis), but they can also be found in olive groves, fields and gardens.

Maintenance

Minimum dimensions for the terrarium, according to the size and number of animals

1-2 animals

8PL x 4PL (L x W)

The carapace length (PL) is measured on the largest animal. For each additional animal the footprint has to be increased by10 %, from the 5th animal on by 20 %. A terrarium of e.g.300 x 150 x 80 cm is recommended, which should be placed in a quiet and vibration-free place.

You will need a spacious terrarium, structured with branches, robust plants and stones, with a burrowable 15-25 cm deep substrate, e.g. of sand-clay-gravel mixture, and a large, shallow, easy-to-clean water basin. A small portion of the substrate should always be kept slightly moist. In the case of group housing, separate roosting areas should be provided and suitable measures for visual separation should be implemented.

Temp. day: 25-30 °C

Temp. night: 15-20 °C

Temp. local: 35-45 °C

Humidity: 40-60

Thermostatically controlled floor heating is recommended. Lighting duration must be 10-14 hrs, depending on the season. They need high light intensity and daily UV irradiation as well as sunny places with radiant heat.

Diet

They are omnivores, but they feed almost exclusively vegetarian. The diet consists of a wide range of wild herbs (plantain, dandelion, parsley, etc.), hay and hay dressings, clover, sweet grasses, mushrooms and vegetables such as lettuce, spinach, cabbage leaves, cucumbers, zucchini and carrots, supplemented with commercial ready-made food for tortoises. Occasionally they require small amounts of animal protein, such as earthworms, snails or grasshoppers, and small pieces of hard-boiled egg. Fruit should be fed sparingly and infrequently because of the fructose content. Regular addition of minerals and vitamins is important. They drink very much (drinking is done through the nose), accordingly, sufficient drinking water must always be available.

A varied diet promotes health and prevents deficiency symptoms.

Reproduction and breeding

The larger males have a concave ventral carapace and a much longer tail than the females. The anal opening of the male is closer to the tip of the tail than in the female

For successful breeding, animals must hibernate for 3-5 months to mature sperm. Mating occurs immediately after hibernation. Eggs (3-11 pieces) are laid between August and October, at a depth of about 15 cm, in a sandy, southeast-facing spot. The incubation period is 60-90 days at 25-30 °C. Juveniles require higher humidity (60-80%). Life expectancy can be 50-70 years.

Species protection

The animal population must be reported in writing to the competent authority immediately after the start of keeping. Subsequently, all arrivals and departures must be reported

Species protection: WA Appendix II; EU Appendix A. You will receive a certificate with a picture of the animal for clear identification and a proof of purchase as proof of origin upon purchase

Your pet store will be happy to provide you with further information.

Important

In summer they can be kept well in an outdoor facility, protected from damp cold (shelter house) (during the day min. 15 °C, at night min. 10 °C). Hibernation lasts 3-5 months at 4-8 °C, depending on the origin of the animals. Year-round outdoor keeping is only possible under certain conditions. The terrarium must have good ventilation without drafts and meet the species-specific needs. Measuring devices such as thermometers, hygrometers, etc. are necessary. The lighting has to correspond to the species-specific day-night rhythm and has to be placed in such a way that the animals cannot injure themselves. The terrarium should be locked in such a way that neither unauthorized persons can open it nor the animals can escape. Contamination must be removed regularly

Further literature can be found in your pet store.

References

Text: Christian Sänger; Image: petdata

Source: BMELV (1997): Tierschutzgutachten - Mindestanforderungen an die Haltung von Reptilien; ENGELMANN (2006): Zootierhaltung - Tiere in menschlicher Obhut: Reptilien und Amphibien, Harri Deutsch Verlag; ROGNER (2009): Taschenatlas Schildkröten, Verlag Ulmer

• Gemäß § 21 Abs. 5 Tierschutzgesetz idgF