Amazon Dwarf Cichlid (Apistogramma pertensis)
| Amazon Dwarf Cichlid Apistogramma pertensis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Amazon Dwarf Cichlid |
| Name Lat. | Apistogramma pertensis |
| Family | Cichlids |
| Family lat. | Cichlidae |
| Order | Cichlids |
| Order lat. | Cichliformes |
| Origin | Brazil |
| Habitat | Streams |
| Diet | Carnivore |
| pH | 5.0-7.0 |
| Behavior | ♂ territorial |
| Keeping | Pair, harem |
| Care Level | Moderate |
| Reproduction | Cave spawner |
| Breeding | Moderately difficult |
| Life Span | 3-4 years |
| Protection | No |
| Metric Units | |
| Size | ♀ 4 cm, ♂ 6 cm |
| Temperature | 23-27 °C |
| Hardness | < 10 °dH |
| Aquarium | ~ 100 l |
| US Units | |
| Size | ♀ 1.6", ♂ 2.4" |
| Temperature | 73-81 °F |
| Hardness | < 178 ppm |
| Aquarium | ~ 25 gal |
Distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the Genetted Dwarf Cichlids is the river system of the lower Rio Negro near Manacapuru in Brazil. They live there in shallow, plant-rich small waters and in the riparian zones of streams with fallen leaves and dead wood.
Maintenance
The aquarium should have a dense planting, with many hiding places (stones, roots, caves) and offer free swimming space. A dark substrate covered with some foliage (sea almond leaves) and some subdued light (floating plants) are ideal.
No ammonia, ammonium and nitrite should be detectable, the nitrate value should not exceed 100 mg/l. To ensure the water quality and oxygen content, a filter and heater adapted to the aquarium size is required, as well as lighting for the species-appropriate day-night rhythm of the animals.
Diet
In the wild they feed mainly on small crustaceans and insect larvae. The food supply consists of live, frozen and dry food. For a balanced diet, feed once a day with a high-quality, protein-rich dry food for cichlids (flakes, granules, pellets) as well as daphnia, artemia, mysis, mosquito larvae, etc. (live or frozen). 
It is recommended to feed small portions several times a day. Only feed as much as will be eaten within a few minutes. A regular and varied diet promotes health and increases resistance.
Behaviour and compatibility
They should be kept in pairs or better in a harem, one male with several females. Males are territorial within the species, so keeping several harems is only recommended in a larger and richly structured tank. They can be socialized well with other calm fish, but defend their territory consistently
Basically, only compatible fish species with similar demands on water quality and water temperature may be socialized.
Sex dimorphism
The male is larger, more colorful, and has significantly longer, more pointed fins.
Reproduction and breeding
They spawn in caves (cave breeders), with the spawn deposited on the ceiling of the cave. The female performs brood care while the male defends the territory. After 3-5 days, the fry hatch and are then housed and guarded by the female in a bottom pit until they swim free after 4-5 days.
Fry must be fed several times a day with special rearing food. Breeding is hardly possible in community tanks, where the fry are easy prey.
Important
The foliage (sea almond tree, oak, etc.) enriches the water with humic substances, naturally lowers the pH and is a valuable secondary food source.
The well-being of the fish should be monitored regularly. Temperature should be checked daily, pH, hardness and nitrate levels at least every 14 days. Regular partial water changes are recommended, even if the contaminant level has not yet reached the upper limit. Sudden changes in water quality should be avoided. Newly introduced fish must be accustomed slowly to the water in the aquarium.
Further literature can be found in your pet store.
References
Text: Werner Winter; Image: Franz Lowak
Source: BMELV (1998): Tierschutzgutachten - Haltung von Zierfischen (Süßwasser); BAENSCH & RIEHL (2004): Aquarien Atlas Bd. 2, Mergus Verlag; ENGELMANN (2005): Zootierhaltung - Tiere in menschlicher Obhut: Fische, Verlag Harri Deutsch
- Gemäß § 21 Abs. 5 Tierschutzgesetz idgF