Red Turquoise Discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus var.)
| Red Turquoise Discus Symphysodon aequifasciatus var. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Red Turquoise Discus |
| Name Lat. | Symphysodon aequifasciatus var. |
| Family | Cichlids |
| Family lat. | Cichlidae |
| Order | Cichlids |
| Order lat. | Cichliformes |
| Origin | South America (breeding variety) |
| Habitat | Rivers, tributaries |
| Diet | Carnivore |
| pH | 5.0-7.5 |
| Behavior | Peaceful |
| Keeping | Pair, group |
| Care Level | Moderate |
| Reproduction | Substrate spawner |
| Breeding | Difficult |
| Life Span | 8-10 years |
| Protection | No |
| Metric Units | |
| Size | 15 cm |
| Temperature | 27-30 °C |
| Hardness | 1-10 °dH |
| Aquarium | ~ 350 l |
| US Units | |
| Size | 6" |
| Temperature | 81-86 °F |
| Hardness | 18-178 ppm |
| Aquarium | ~ 90 gal |
Distribution and habitat
The Red Turquoise discus is a breeding form. The range of the Discus fish is the river system along the Rio Solimoes, from the Rio Putumayo in Colombia and Peru to the Rio Tocantins in Brazil. They live in sluggish flowing or stagnant waters, where they often stay in groups in deep water among roots, dead wood and stones
Maintenance
The aquarium should have well structured planting, providing both shelter and swimming space, with roots as hiding places. A dark substrate covered with some foliage (sea almond leaves), subdued light (floating plants) and soft, slightly acidic water is ideal. No ammonia, ammonium and nitrite should be detectable, the nitrate value should not exceed 100 mg/l. To ensure the water quality and oxygen content, a filter and heater adapted to the aquarium size is required, as well as lighting for the species-appropriate day-night rhythm of the animals.
Diet
The food supply consists of live, frozen and dry food. For a balanced diet, feed once a day with a high-quality dry food for discus fish (flakes, granules, pellets) as well as daphnia, artemia, mysis, mosquito larvae, etc. (live or frozen).
It is recommended to feed small portions several times a day. Only feed as much as will be eaten within a few minutes. A regular and varied diet promotes health and increases resistance.
Behaviour and compatibility
Discus fish are calm peaceful fish that only show pronounced territorial behavior during the spawning season. They should be kept in pairs or better in a group. Keeping several pairs or a group is only recommended in a large, richly structured tank. They should only be socialized with other calm, peaceful and heat-loving fish
Basically, only compatible fish species with similar demands on water quality and water temperature should be socialized.
Sex dimorphism
Outside the spawning season the sexes are hardly distinguishable. With some experience, the sexes can be determined during mating by the shape of the genital papilla, which is pointed in the male and round in the female.
Reproduction and breeding
After a harmonizing pair is found, the female usually spawns on a root. The larvae feed for several days on a skin secretion secreted by the parents. Together they care for and guard the clutch and look after their offspring for a long time
Young fish must be fed several times a day with special rearing food (Artemia nauplii). In community tanks breeding is hardly possible, because the young fish are easy prey.
Important
Discus fish are very shy and skittish and need many shelters and hiding places to feel comfortable. They make special demands on water quality and water values. The foliage (sea almond tree, oak, etc.) enriches the water with humic substances, naturally lowers the pH and strengthens their immune defenses.
Due to their body height, the aquarium should be at least 50 cm high.
Through breeding selection, discus fish come in numerous color varieties and with different markings. International Discus shows and Discus competitions are organized regularly.
The well-being of the fish should be checked regularly. Temperature should be checked daily, pH, hardness and nitrate value at least every 14 days. Regular partial water changes are recommended, even if the contaminant level has not yet reached the upper limit. Sudden changes in water quality should be avoided. Newly introduced fish must be accustomed slowly to the water in the aquarium
Further literature can be found in your pet store.
References
Text: Werner Winter; Image: Franz Lowak
Source: BMEL (1998): Tierschutzgutachten - Haltung von Zierfischen (Süßwasser); RIEHL & BAENSCH (2006): Aquarien Atlas Bd. 1, Mergus Verlag; ENGELMANN (2005): Zootierhaltung - Tiere in menschlicher Obhut: Fische, Verlag Harri Deutsch
- Gemäß § 21 Abs. 5 Tierschutzgesetz idgF