Mloto Likoma (Copadichromis trewavasae)
| Mloto Likoma Copadichromis trewavasae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Mloto Likoma |
| Name Lat. | Copadichromis trewavasae |
| Synonym | Copadichromis mloto |
| Family | Cichlids |
| Family lat. | Cichlidae |
| Order | Cichlids |
| Order lat. | Cichliformes |
| Origin | Lake Malawi |
| Habitat | Intermediate zone |
| Diet | Planktivore |
| pH | 7.5-8.8 |
| Behavior | Peaceful |
| Keeping | Harem |
| Care Level | Moderate |
| Reproduction | Mouthbrooder |
| Breeding | Simple |
| Life Span | 6-10 years |
| Protection | No |
| Metric Units | |
| Size | 10-14 cm |
| Temperature | 24-28 °C |
| Hardness | 10-25 °dH |
| Aquarium | ~ 400 l |
| US Units | |
| Size | 4"-5.5" |
| Temperature | 75-82 °F |
| Hardness | 178-445 ppm |
| Aquarium | ~ 100 gal |
Distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the Trewavas Malawi cichlids is exclusively (endemic) Lake Malawi, where they occur at Likoma and Chizumulu Islands as well as at Manda, Msisi and Cobue. They live there preferentially in the boulder-less, large rocky shore regions (rock littoral) with sandy underground. In their range there are some, similarly colored site variants.
Maintenance
The aquarium setup should have rocky structures reaching to the water surface, with plenty of crevices, caves and shelters to provide hiding places, as well as robust plants, some free sand areas and plenty of free swimming space.
No ammonia, ammonium or nitrite should be detectable, and the nitrate value should not exceed 100 mg/l. To ensure the water quality and the oxygen content, a filter adapted to the aquarium size and a heater are required, as well as lighting for the species-appropriate day-night rhythm of the animals.
Diet
In nature they feed mainly on plankton and insect larvae. The food supply consists of dry, frozen and live food. For a balanced diet, feed once a day with a high-quality dry food for Malawi cichlids (flakes, granules, pellets) as well as cyclops, daphnia, artemia, mosquito larvae and plankton (live or frozen)
It is recommended to feed small portions several times a day. Only feed as much as will be eaten within a few minutes. A regular and varied diet promotes health and increases resistance.
Behaviour and compatibility
They should be kept in a harem, one male with several females. The males behave territorially at spawning time, so keeping several harems is only recommended in a larger and richly structured tank. They belong to the more peaceful Malawi cichlids and should only be socialized with other peaceful cichlids.
Basically, only compatible fish species with similar demands on water conditions and water temperature should be socialized.
Sex dimorphism
The animals differ clearly in coloration (sexual dichromatism). The male is much more colorful and has longer extended fins. The female is smaller and inconspicuous silvery-beige colored with three black spots on the flanks.
Reproduction and breeding
They are maternal mouth breeders. Males build sandy nests near or under rocks and try to lure females there that are ready to spawn. Immediately after spawning, the females take the eggs into their throat sac for mouthbrooding. They keep the fry in their throat sac even after hatching and release them after about 3 weeks. During the entire brood care the female does not take any food.
Fry must be fed several times a day with special rearing food (Artemia nauplii). In community tanks breeding is hardly possible, because the fry are easy prey.
Important
They belong to the Utaka cichlids, which at times inhabit the plankton-rich open water zone in front of rocks and reefs near the shore in swarms
Different site variants should not be kept together, as crossbreeding (hybridization) can occur.
The well-being of the fish should be monitored regularly. Temperature should be checked daily, pH, hardness and nitrate levels at least fortnightly. Regular partial water changes are recommended, even if the contaminant level has not yet reached the upper limit. Sudden changes in water quality should be avoided. Newly introduced fish must be accustomed slowly to the water in the aquarium.
Further literature can be found in your pet store.
References
Text: Werner Winter; Image: Franz Lowak
Source: BMELV (1998): Tierschutzgutachten - Haltung von Zierfischen (Süßwasser); ENGELMANN (2005): Zootierhaltung - Tiere in menschlicher Obhut: Fische, Verlag Harri Deutsch
- Gemäß § 21 Abs. 5 Tierschutzgesetz idgF